Spacecraft X-37 Prepares for Return Trip, to Test Laser Communications and GPS Substitute Technologies
The X-37B spaceplane is set to embark on its eighth mission next month, marking a significant step forward in the U.S. Space Force's future space capabilities. This mission will focus on high-bandwidth laser communications demonstrations and testing a quantum inertial sensor, both crucial advancements for the Space Force [1][2][3].
Laser communications, intended to interface with proliferated commercial satellite networks such as SpaceX’s Starlink, offer several advantages over traditional radio frequency links. They can transfer data faster, with higher bandwidth, use less power, require smaller equipment, and provide more secure transmissions. However, maintaining a precise alignment between rapidly moving satellites (orbiting at about 17,000 mph), coping with mechanical vibrations, and atmospheric interference present significant challenges [2].
The quantum inertial sensor being tested aboard the X-37B is the most advanced ever flown in space. Its purpose is to provide accurate navigation, positioning, and timing even when GPS signals are unavailable or jammed by adversaries, or at distances where GPS is weak (beyond Earth orbit). Quantum sensors rely on quantum mechanics principles to detect motion and orientation with exceptional precision, potentially serving as GPS alternatives for military operations in contested or denied environments [1][4].
These innovations align with the Space Force's goals of enhanced space domain awareness, resilient and secure communications, and autonomous navigation capability. The X-37B missions serve as a platform to test and mature these technologies in orbit, directly supporting America's military readiness and technological edge in space [1][4].
Gen. B. Chance Saltzman, Chief of Space Operations, emphasised that the X-37B mission is aimed at making the joint force more connected, resilient, and ready to operate in any challenge. Congress has allocated $1 billion to the X-37B program as part of a recent reconciliation package [5].
The eighth flight of the X-37B was not always guaranteed, but national security leaders have expressed concern about creating a gap in the capability. The mission will be launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 21 [6].
Sources:
[1] https://www.space.com/x-37b-spaceplane-eighth-mission-set-for-2023-launch.html [2] https://www.airforcemag.com/x-37b-to-test-laser-communications-for-space-force/ [3] https://www.defensenews.com/air/2023/07/18/x-37b-to-test-laser-communications-for-space-force/ [4] https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2023/07/x-37b-mission-will-test-quantum-inertial-sensor-alternative-gps/190145/ [5] https://www.space.com/x-37b-spaceplane-eighth-mission-funding.html [6] https://www.airforcemag.com/x-37b-to-launch-august-21-on-spacex-falcon-9/
- The upcoming X-37B mission, focusing on advanced technologies like high-bandwidth laser communications and quantum inertial sensors, is a notable stride towards enhancing the U.S. Space Force's space capabilities.
- Laser communications for space force, which interface with commercial satellite networks such as SpaceX’s Starlink, offer faster data transfer, higher bandwidth, reduced power consumption, smaller equipment, and more secure transmissions.
- The quantum inertial sensor being tested on the X-37B spaceplane is the most advanced ever flown in space, providing accurate navigation, positioning, and timing even in challenging environments where GPS signals are weak or jammed.
- The Space Force aims to achieve enhanced space domain awareness, resilient communications, and autonomous navigation with these innovations, making America's military more connected, resilient, and ready for various challenges.
- Congress has authorized $1 billion for the X-37B program as part of a recent financing package, ensuring the mission's continuation.
- The eighth flight of the X-37B spaceplane is set to launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 21, marking a significant event in space-and-astronomy, technology, defense, military, security, space, finance, and air force sectors.
